Resistance is the ratio of the potential difference applied to the current flowing through.
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Define potential difference.
Potential difference is the work done to drive a unit charge across two points in a circuit.
Define electromotive force.
Electromotive force is the work done by a source in driving a unit charge around a complete circuit.
Define current.
Current is the rate of flow of charges.
Define electrostatic charging by friction.
Electrostatic charging by friction is a process in which surface electrons are transferred from one electrical insulator to another electrical insulator when the insulators are rubbed together.
Define electric field.
An electric field is a region in which charged particles experience an electric force.
Define echo.
An echo is a reflected sound wave bouncing off hard surfaces.
Define ultrasound.
Ultrasound is a sound which has the frequency above human hearing range, above 20 000 Hz.
List the components of electromagnetic waves, from the lowest frequency to highest frequency.
Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared rays, Visible light rays (ROYGBIV), Ultraviolet rays, X-rays, Gamma rays.
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List the properties of electromagnetic waves.
- They transfer energy from a wave source
- They are transverse waves
- They travel with the same speed of 3×108 m/s in vacuum
- They can travel through vacuum. No medium required for its transmission.
- They travel in straight lines.