Explain, using structure and bonding, why graphite can conduct electricity.

Graphite has a giant molecular structure. It is made up of layers of carbon atoms covalently bonded. Each layer is made up of carbon atoms covalently bonded to one another in hexagonal rings. Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to 3 other carbon atoms, hence each carbon atom has 1 valence electron not involved in bonding. These electrons are delocalised, and can move freely within the layer to conduct electricity.